The Czech Republic is a Parliamentary Republic, they have a president as well as a
prime minister. It seems like they have a ton of political parties, but it seems the center-right/right wing populist party 'ANO' currently holds the most power in their parliament (Wikipedia[1] summarizes representation data from the various levels of the Czech Republic's government)
Article [2] mentions that from 2022 through the spring of 2025, the Czech
Republic has given considerable support to Ukraine during their conflict with Russia.
However, it seems that the political parties that had majority in parliament at those times
are unlikely to remain as such. The center-right/right wing populist party ANO is leading by a decent margin, who
have specifically mentioned cutting support for Ukraine[2], saying it comes at the expense
of Czech families which sounds like it could come from nationalism to me. It is mentioned that the
current president is a vocal advocate for Ukraine, but the president also has pretty
limited power.
Study [3] describes the usage of memes on Facebook to push nationalism. It
seems like the ideas pushed are either against a multi-cultural society by trying to show
multi-cultural societies failing, or glorifying the Czech culture. Not surprising for
nationalism, there are also mentions of Czechs being in danger of migrants 'replacing'
them.
Nationalism seems to be at least somewhat alive in Czechia, but national pride is pretty
low[4]. I really struggled to find any information on Czech nationalism past the
19th century. In contrast, I was immediately able to find resources for several other
countries, so it is unclear how prevelant nationalism is in Czechia. There was a protest in 2016 against nationalism[5], so perhaps it's
prevalent but just more individual than systematic.
The Czech Republic has been a member of the EU since 2004[6],
and a member of NATO since 1999[7]. Public opinion of the Czech Republic being an EU member seems mixed. According to
[8], around half of people are satisfied with Czechia being in the EU.
People in support appreciate the ease of travel, work, and studying the EU provides, but
people that aren't happy with Czechia's EU membership often see the EU as
overbearing or too controlling.
The most common thing people in Czechia want the EU to focus on is 'external
security,' which is “represented primarily by protection against migration and terrorism”[8]. From research discussed in the minority section of this country profile, it does seem like the Czech Republic has
normalized xenophobia to some extent so this doesn't surprise me too much.
Also of note, the Czech Republic currently uses the Czech koruna as their currency, but
are preparing to adopt (I'm unsure if this means replacing the koruna or if it'll still be
used) the Euro[6]. Different surveys have different results ranging
from 50/50 on whether people are for this change[9] to a large
majority against it[10].
Trust in NATO in the Czech Republic is higher than the EU average, but lower than
Czechs' trust in the Czech Armed Forces[11]. Around 70% of the population
is in favor of Czechia being a member of NATO[11].
References:
[1] “List of political parties in the Czech Republic,” Wikipedia. July 15, 2025. Accessed: July 19, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_political_parties_in_the_Czech_Republic&oldid=1300691888
[2] M. Fornusek, “From unity to uncertainty: Central Europe reconsiders its Ukraine stance,” Kyiv Independent. Accessed: July 13, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.yahoo.com/news/once-firm-support-ukraine-among-164239161.html
[3] N. Horáková, “Neo-nationalism in the Czech Republic and Its Self-presentation on Social Networks Using the Example of Facebook,” Politeja, vol. 16, pp. 111-130, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.12797/Politeja.16.2019.61.07.
[4] K. Vlachová, “‘This Country Is Not for Anyone’: Explanations of Low National Pride in the Czech Republic,” Nationalities Papers, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 1000-1012, 2019, doi: 10.1017/nps.2018.22.
[5] ČTK, “Czech Republic: Hundreds march against nationalism in Prague on 17 November,” Romea.cz. Accessed: July 13, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://romea.cz/en/czech-republic/czech-republic-hundreds-march-against-nationalism-in-prague-on-17-november/
[6] European Union, “Czechia - EU country profile,” Europa. Accessed: July 15, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/czechia_en
[7] NATO, “NATO member countries,” NATO. Accessed: July 14, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_52044.htm
[8] STEM, “20 Years of Czech EU Membership in the Attitudes of the Czech Public,” STEM. Accessed: July 15, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.stem.cz/en/20-years-of-czech-eu-membership-in-the-attitudes-of-the-czech-public/
[9] Eurobarometer, “Introduction of the euro in the Member States that have not yet adopted the common currency,” Europa. Accessed: July 15, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/3214
[10] J. Grim, “Přijmout euro chce polovina voličů Spolu a STAN, opozice je jasně proti. Výjimkou jsou Piráti,” iROZHLAS. Accessed: July 15, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/prijmout-euro-chce-polovina-volicu-spolu-a-stan-opozice-je-jasne-proti-vyjimkou_2502270500_jgr
[11] STEM, “25 years after the Czech Republic joined NATO, a clear majority of its citizens support the country’s membership,” STEM. Accessed: July 15, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.stem.cz/en/25-years-after-the-czech-republic-joined-nato-a-clear-majority-of-its-citizens-support-the-countrys-membership/